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蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)桿傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)和(he)帶(dai)(dai)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)的(de)的(de)特(te)點(dian)和(he)區別。這里勁傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)減速機的(de)來概括一(yi)下(xia)。主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)區別和(he)特(te)點(dian)就(jiu)是(shi)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)桿傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)比(bi)大，帶(dai)(dai)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)比(bi)小；蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)桿傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)是(shi)垂直傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)，而帶(dai)(dai)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)是(shi)平行(xing)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)；蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)桿傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)矩離小，而帶(dai)(dai)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)距離大；蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)桿傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)效(xiao)率(lv)低，而帶(dai)(dai)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)效(xiao)率(lv)略高；結構上蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)蝸(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)桿較復雜，成本相(xiang)對高些。

一、減速機帶傳動特點

傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)具有結構簡(jian)單、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)平穩、能(neng)緩沖吸振、可以(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)大的軸(zhou)間距和多軸(zhou)間傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)遞動(dong)(dong)力(li)，且其造價(jia)低廉(lian)、不需(xu)潤滑(hua)、維護容易等(deng)特點，在(zai)(zai)(zai)近代機械傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)中應(ying)用十分廣泛。摩擦型帶(dai)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)能(neng)過載(zai)打滑(hua)、運轉(zhuan)噪聲低，但傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)比不準確(que)（滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)率在(zai)(zai)(zai)2%以(yi)下(xia)）；同步帶(dai)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)可保證傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)同步，但對載(zai)荷變動(dong)(dong)的吸收能(neng)力(li)稍差，高速運轉(zhuan)有噪聲。 帶(dai)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)除用以(yi)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)遞動(dong)(dong)力(li)外(wai)，有時也(ye)用來輸(shu)送物料、進行零件的整列等(deng)。

二、減速機蝸桿傳動特點

(一(yi))具有自(zi)鎖性(xing)。蝸(gua)桿(gan)的螺旋(xuan)升(sheng)角(jiao)很(hen)小時，蝸(gua)桿(gan)只能帶動蝸(gua)輪傳動，而蝸(gua)輪不能帶動蝸(gua)桿(gan)轉動。

(二)蝸桿(gan)傳動(dong)效率低，一般認為蝸桿(gan)傳動(dong)效率比齒輪傳動(dong)低。尤其是具有自鎖性的蝸桿(gan)傳動(dong)，其效率在0.5以(yi)下，一般效率只有0.7～0.9。

(三)發熱量大，齒面容易磨(mo)損，成本(ben)高。

(四)傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)比大(da)(da)，結(jie)構緊湊。蝸(gua)(gua)桿(gan)頭數用Z1表示，蝸(gua)(gua)輪(lun)齒數用Z2表示。從傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)比公(gong)式I=Z2/Z1可以(yi)看出，當Z1=1，即蝸(gua)(gua)桿(gan)為單頭，蝸(gua)(gua)桿(gan)須(xu)轉Z2轉蝸(gua)(gua)輪(lun)才轉一(yi)轉，因而可得到很大(da)(da)傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)比，一(yi)般(ban)在動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)，取傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)比I=10-80；在分度機構中(zhong)(zhong)，I可達1000。這樣大(da)(da)的傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)比如用齒輪(lun)傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，則需要采取多(duo)級傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)才行(xing)，所以(yi)蝸(gua)(gua)桿(gan)傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)結(jie)構緊湊，體積(ji)小(xiao)、重(zhong)量輕。

(五)傳動平穩，無噪音。因為蝸桿齒是連續不間斷的螺旋齒，它與蝸輪齒嚙合時是連續不斷的，蝸桿齒沒有進入和退出嚙合的過程，因此工作平穩，沖擊、震動、噪音小。